Carotid stenting can be performed while the patient is awake, reducing recovery time. When the balloon is inflated, the fatty plaque or blockage is compressed against the artery walls to improve blood flow.ĭuring the angioplasty procedure, a carotid stent (a small, metal mesh tube) is placed inside the carotid artery at the site of the blockage and provides support to keep the artery open.įor patients who meet certain eligibility criteria, carotid stenting offers a less invasive approach than carotid endarterectomy, the traditional surgical treatment for carotid artery blockages. The carotid angioplasty procedure can be performed the same day as the diagnostic angiogram or days or weeks after the angiogram.ĭuring angioplasty, a balloon catheter is guided to the area of the blockage or narrowing. What is carotid angioplasty and stenting?Ĭarotid angioplasty is a non-surgical procedure performed after the diagnostic angiogram. Read more about carotid artery disease.Ĭarotid angiography, also called carotid angio or an arteriogram, is an invasive X-ray imaging procedure used to detect the presence of narrowing or blockage (atherosclerosis) in the carotid arteries and determine your risk for future stroke.Ĭarotid angiography may be performed when carotid artery disease is suspected, based on the results of other tests, such as a carotid duplex ultrasound, computed tomography angiogram (CTA) or magnetic resonance angiogram (MRA).Over time, the build-up narrows the artery, decreases blood flow to the brain and can lead to a stroke. Like the blood vessels of the heart (coronary arteries), the carotid arteries also develop atherosclerosis, the build-up of fat and cholesterol deposits, called plaque, on the inside of the arteries. The hybrid stent design (Cristallo Ideale) was able to combine both the flexibility of an open-cell structure and the resistance to particle penetration of closed-cell structures.Shazam Hussain, MD, describes the process of carotid stenting procedure, recovery time, and risk factors. Closed-cell designs had low flexibility and thus low adaptability to the vessel but high resistance to particle penetration due to the closed-cell design and high scaffolding. The open-cell design displayed the greatest flexibility and adaptability to the vessel but easily allowed particle penetration due to the open structure. Only the Acculink let 6-mm spheres penetrate.ĭespite comparable stent sizes, these carotid stents showed differences in behavior due to stent design. The Cristallo Ideale stent at mid part resisted penetration by all but the smallest plastic spheres (1.5-mm spheres penetrated only at 0.65 N) the Precise and Protégé stent had the highest variation in sphere penetration (1.5- to 4.0-mm spheres). Mean radial force measurements were lowest for Cristallo Ideale (9.06 N at mid part) and highest for Protégé (24.09 N). According to the parallel plate method, mean lowest force was measured for Xact (0.765 N), while the Wallstent had the highest force (2.136 N). Bending forces at 20 degrees /30 degrees ranged from 0.063 N / 0.074 N (Cristallo Ideale) to 0.890 N / 0.616 N (Xact) forces to achieve torsion at 10 degrees /15 degrees ranged from 0.032 N / 0.043 N (Acculink) to 0.905 N / 1.071 N (Xact). Cell sizes in the middle part of the stents ranged from 1.36 mm(2) (Wallstent) to 15.10 mm(2) (Acculink). Stent dimensions met the manufacturers' data none of the products showed any failure during the test program. Particle penetration simulation was performed using plastic spheres from 1.5- to 6.0-mm outer diameter. Radial force was tested using a parallel plate setup, and flexibility (torsion and bending) was measured in water at body temperature. Optical microscopy was used to determine exact dimensions and scaffolding of each stent. Six stents of different design were compared (Precise, Acculink, Protégé, Xact, Wallstent, and Cristallo Ideale). To examine and compare different carotid stent designs with regard to flexibility, adaptability (adjustability), conformability (compliance) to the vessel, and scaffolding to reduce plaque prolapse and embolization.
0 Comments
Leave a Reply. |